Isomerism of Alcohol

By Anup Pokhrel

Alcohols exhibits following three types of isomerism.

  • Chain isomerism.
  • Position isomerism.
  • Functional isomerism.

Chain isomerism.

Alcohols containing at least 4-carbon atoms form chain isomerism due to the different structure of C-skeleton in the longest chain.

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Position isomerism.

Alcohols containing at least 3 C atoms form position isomerism due to a different position of a hydroxy group (OH).

Example.

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Functional isomer.

Alcohols containing at least 2 carbon atoms give functional isomers. The functional isomer of an alcohol is ether.

Example.

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Nomenclature.

1. Common system.

In common system of nomenclature,alcohols are named as.

Alkyl+alcohol=Alkylalcohol

2. IUPAC systems.

In this system, alcohols are given their respective names by adding suffix-‘ol’ with word root.

Question;

Write down the structural formula and IUPAC name of tert.Butyl alcohol.

 

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